What are the early signs of an eating disorder?
A preoccupation with food
One of the most common early signs of an eating disorder is a preoccupation with food and/or exercise. A person may spend more time speaking about food, looking for recipes online, and cooking and baking for others.
You may also notice:
- Precise tracking of energy intake or steps
- A sudden disinterest in certain food groups
- An increased interest in different diets or health foods
As an eating disorder progresses, you may also pick up on certain food rituals and behaviours around meal times, such as:
- Eating foods in a certain order
- Cutting food into tiny pieces
- Having very specific portion sizes
- Only using certain crockery and cutlery
- Excessively chewing
When someone has an eating disorder, they'll often continue to add more rules and rituals as time goes on.
A regimented exercise routine
A person struggling with an eating disorder will often have a disordered relationship with exercise too. If you're concerned that someone is showing the early signs of an eating disorder, you may have started to become aware of the following:
- Their exercise routines are often very strict and inflexible
- They display distress if their routine is disrupted or if they can’t train
- Exercising takes precedence over other elements of their life including health, work and relationships
- Despite evident tiredness and fatigue, they continue to exercise, even if they’re unwell
- Exercise is used to work off calories, lose weight or offset an eating binge
An obsession with tracking
A person who's developing an unhealthy relationship with food is likely to keep track of their food and fitness. This tracking will be strict and regimented, where they monitor some or all of the following:
- The number of calories consumed and burned
- The number of steps taken
- Changes in body weight and body measurements
Over time, tracking food and fitness can prevent people from being able to listen to signals from their body. Rather than focusing on what their body wants and needs, they come to rely on rules and restrictions outlined in tracking apps and devices to dictate how they should eat, drink and exercise.
Starting to use diet pills or laxatives
Studies have shown that using diet pills and laxatives increases the risk of someone developing an eating disorder. The products disrupt the normal functioning of the body and prevent a person from paying attention to their bodily cues.
Low body confidence
You may notice that the person is dissatisfied with how they look. They may express this to close family and friends, and they believe other people see them in the distorted way in which they see themselves.
Discussing this dissatisfaction is one of the early signs of an eating disorder. However, that can disappear as a person becomes more unwell and tries to hide their thoughts, feelings and behaviours from people who have expressed concern.
Deception
When someone has an eating disorder, they'll often start to lie to other people about their eating and their exercise in an attempt to maintain control.
Some comments and behaviours that you may have started to notice include:
- They've already eaten
- They're too full and will eat later
- They feel poorly more often or have a stomach ache
- They want to eat elsewhere, such as in their room
- They say they don’t like the food that's been prepared
- They eat much slower than usual
This deception is something that typically worsens over time, as the person attempts to hide what's going on from other people.
Changes in mood
When someone is struggling with an eating disorder, this can impact their mood. They may become irritable and angry more quickly than usual, and they may also seem sad and reserved.
These mood changes can happen for a number of reasons. If the person is restricting the amount of food they eat, nutritional deficiencies may mean they have less control over their emotional regulation. They may also become more irritable or angry when conversation turns to their food intake and exercise, as they're likely to feel criticised.
Someone who has an eating disorder is also likely to struggle with their self-esteem and body confidence. This in turn can cause them to feel upset and low in mood.