What are the different types of depression?
Outlining the most common types of depression and their symptoms.
Depression is more than just feeling sad. It’s a mental health condition that causes persistent low mood, a loss of interest or pleasure in things that used to matter to you, and difficulties coping with day-to-day life.
Depression doesn’t look the same for everyone, it can take different forms, each with its own symptoms and challenges.
Understanding which type of depression you or a loved one may be experiencing is an important step towards getting the right support. The good news is that, whatever form it takes, depression is treatable. At Priory, we offer tailored support for all types of depression, helping you take steps towards feeling better.
Common types of depression
Severe depression (major depressive disorder or clinical depression)
Severe depression is the most serious form of depression. It can bring overwhelming feelings of sadness, hopelessness and exhaustion that make even basic daily tasks feel difficult.
People with severe depression may find it hard to look after themselves, withdraw from others, and struggle to function at work or home. In some cases, it can lead to suicidal thoughts, which is why it’s important to seek help as soon as possible.
If you ever feel at risk, remember that support is available and recovery is possible with the right treatment.
Severe depression with psychotic symptoms
Also known as psychotic depression, this type combines the intense sadness of severe depression with episodes of psychosis.
Psychotic symptoms may include:
- Delusions: believing things that aren’t true
- Hallucinations: seeing or hearing things that aren’t real
Experiencing these symptoms can be frightening and isolating, but you’re not alone. With professional support, psychotic depression is treatable, and many people go on to live healthy, fulfilling lives.
Mild to moderate depression
Milder forms of depression may not completely stop you from functioning, but they can still affect your quality of life. You may feel persistently low, lose interest in hobbies, or struggle to find motivation.
Your symptoms might ease at times but return later. Without treatment, even mild depression can become harder to manage, so recognising it early and seeking help is important.
Bipolar depression
Bipolar disorder causes extreme mood swings, from energetic ‘highs’ (mania or hypomania) to the deep lows of depression.
Bipolar depression can be difficult to diagnose because its symptoms often resemble severe depression. However, what sets it apart is the presence of manic episodes.
During depressive episodes, people often experience the same symptoms as those with severe depression, sometimes with added feelings of guilt, shame or hopelessness. The condition can affect relationships, work and self-esteem, but with the right treatment, stability is achievable.
Dysthymia (persistent depressive disorder)
Also known as persistent depressive disorder (PDD), dysthymia is a long-term form of depression that can last for years. Symptoms are typically milder than severe depression but more persistent, leaving people feeling low most of the time.
Although it might not be as disabling day-to-day, living with ongoing sadness can still take a significant toll. With support, it’s possible to improve your quality of life and reduce symptoms.
Recurrent depressive disorder
Recurrent depression involves repeated episodes of low mood that come and go over time. You may feel well for weeks or months, then experience another period of depression.
While it shares some similarities with bipolar depression, recurrent depression does not involve manic episodes. Even so, the repeated relapses can be distressing and disruptive to everyday life.
Specific types of depression
Postnatal depression (PND)
Postnatal or postpartum depression can occur in the first year after giving birth. It can involve persistent sadness, guilt, exhaustion and difficulties bonding with your baby.
While it’s common for new parents to experience emotional ups and downs, postnatal depression is more serious and needs professional support. With treatment, recovery is very possible.
Seasonal affective disorder (SAD)
SAD is a type of depression that typically appears during autumn and winter when there’s less daylight. The lack of sunlight can affect mood, sleep and energy levels.
Common symptoms of SAD include:
- Low mood and fatigue
- Sleeping more than usual
- Difficulty concentrating
- Loss of interest in activities
SAD often improves with longer, brighter days, but professional support and light therapy can also help manage symptoms during darker months.
How do I know which type of depression I have?
Because many types of depression share similar symptoms, it can be difficult to identify which one you’re experiencing. That’s why a professional diagnosis is so important, it gives you clarity and ensures you get the right kind of help.
Your GP can assess your symptoms and may refer you to a specialist provider such as Priory. You can also use our free depression test as a starting point to understand how you’re feeling.
Getting treatment for depression at Priory
No matter what type of depression you’re facing, effective treatment is available. At Priory, we provide:
- Inpatient treatment: intensive support in a safe, therapeutic environment
- Day care programmes: structured daytime treatment, allowing you to return home in the evenings
- Outpatient therapy: regular sessions that fit around your daily life
- Online therapy: professional support from the comfort of home
Every treatment plan is personalised and delivered by experienced psychiatrists, psychologists and therapists.
If you’re ready to take the next step, book a private mental health assessment today and find out how we can help you move towards a brighter future.
